Theories of Language Acquisition and Foundations of Language Learning: Nature, Nurture, & Interactionist

Viewpoint on Nature (The "Hardware")

When you can speak more than one language, you can experience the natural ability to communicate. Similar to Chomsky's LAD, I've seen that, even in languages I'm only sporadically learning, my brain automatically classifies grammatical structures. When I work in multilingual meetings, I see how everyone understands grammar patterns with ease, but irregular verbs are very difficult to understand.

The biological basis cannot be denied. Yet, most of us, including myself, are unable to pick up accents or nuanced pragmatics despite immersion. So, it's evident that biology alone is insufficient.

Viewpoint on Nurture (The "Input Database")

Skinner's focus on the environment is in line with my own language development. During my trips to Italy, I picked up some Italian through conversation rather than textbooks. Bonus? Getting a grin or a discount at the market by perfectly enunciating a phrase!

In my experience, corporate language training that consists of vocabulary drills only (pure nurturing) fails, but combined with cultural immersion like asking for a bill and paying for lunch in Portuguese at a Brazilian restaurant, it succeeds. Still, I saw some coworkers freezing and others soaking up languages like sponges. I guess, the nurture-only strategy fails as well.

Interactionist Perspective (The "Live Software Update")

My work flourishes in the interactionist perspective. I use Bloom & Tinker's "intentionality" and Vygotsky's "scaffolding" a lot.

Facilitating a multilingual conversation is all about creating an environment where:

  • Learning is driven by intent: When an Indian engineer has to explain a technical issue to Polish counterparts, they quickly pick up specialized vocabulary.
  • Social feedback improves output: Misusing a British honorific, I got it instantly from my colleagues' reaction.
  • Gaps are filled by cognitive effort: observing someone's "aha!" moment when they construct a German complex term using their native grammar.

For me, learning a new language failed miserably until I was left behind in the middle of the night at the airport. The pressure to argue a point forced me to combine my natural sense of grammar with my learned vocabulary to find lodging, change my flight, and even secure a visa required for an overnight stay.

Why This Is Important in My Life

Practical Application

It is impossible to "teach" a multilingual team to communicate. You create interactions (like drafting a contract in a broken language) where language is used as a tool to solve actual problems.

Tolerance for Errors

Knowing errors stem from cognitive effort (not laziness) shifts focus from "correction" to "clarification." I prioritize understanding over perfection.

Embracing Vulnerability

"Not Knowing" is a power: My inexperience as a teacher is a strength. I serve as an example of vulnerability by demonstrating how communication flourishes through collaborative problem-solving (Bruner's joint attention in action) using my own linguistic barriers.

Conclusion

"Language is not a genes-only or learn-only subject. It's negotiated in the area between intent and reaction. My part? To design that area."